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Artificial Intelligence

Welcome to this Zayed University Library guide, designed to assist you on your path through the realm of Artificial Intelligence.

APA

Below are the elements you need to consider when providing a reference and creating citations for AI tools. The AI tool, ChatGPT, is used as an example in the below in-text citation, reference list citation, and in the explanation.

  1. Developer: The developer of the AI model in the ChatGPT example above is OpenAI.
  2. Date: The date is the year of the version you have used.
  3. Title: The title for the AI tool is composed of three elements: the name of the tool, the version of the tool being used, and a description of the type of tool.
    • Name of Tool: The name of the tool will be the name of the AI tool you are using. In the example of ChatGPT, the name will be ChatGPT, so this is used as part of the title and needs to be typed in italics, as shown above.
    • Version: The version number is included in the title, but in parenthesis. You will find the format of the version in the bottom center of the screen when you are using ChatGPT. It will be a date, without the year. It is not your date of accessing the tool, it is the version date. For example, although I am accessing ChatGPT today when creating this guide, the version number is stated as being May 24. I will include the version number in parenthesis after the name of the tool, example: (May 24 version)
    • Description: You will use brackets [ ] to include a description of the model you have used. In the case of ChatGPT, either [Large language model] or [Large multimodal model] may be used. Depending on the type of AI tool you are using, this may vary. 
  4. Source: The source of the AI tool is composed of two elements: the publisher and the URL for the AI tool.
    • Publisher: As the author and publisher are the same for both ChatGPT (they are both OpenAI), it is not necessary to repeat the publisher name.
    • Source: Provide the URL that links directly to the source of the resource you used. In the case of ChatGPT, this is https://chat.openai.com/

***Please note that some of this guidance may be subject to updates as recommendations continue to evolve.***

APA Citation for Text Generated by an AI Tool

Example:

When prompted with "what is the difference between the left side and the right side of the brain?" the ChatGPT-generated text indicated that although there are some differences between the two hemispheres of the brain, they are "interconnected and work together in most tasks" (OpenAI, 2023). 

Reference

OpenAI. (2023). ChatGPT (Aug 3 version) [Large language model].https://chat.openai.com/

In-Text Citation:

The in-text citation in the example above includes two different elements discussed above:

  1. Developer: The developer of the AI model, which in the above example is OpenAI; and
  2. Year: the year of the version you have used, which in this example is 2023 

For the above example, the in-text citation is: (OpenAI, 2023).

Reference List Citation:

For the citation you need to create for the reference list at the end of your paper, review the elements noted in the first part of this section. 

  1. Developer: You will start by listing the author of the AI model. The author of ChatGPT is Open AI.
  2. Date: The date is the year of the version you have used. The version I've used is 2023. 
  3. Title: The title of the AI tool needs to indicate: the title, the version, and a brief description of the tool. In this case, the title will be written as: ChatGPT (August 3 version) [Large language model].
    1. Notice that ChatGPT is written in italics. The name of the tool should always be italicized.
    2. The version number should be written in parenthesis. You will find the format of the version in the bottom center of the screen when using ChatGPT. 
    3. The description for ChatGPT should read either [Large language model] or [Large multimodal model].
  4. Source: The source is composed of two elements, the publisher and the URL of the tool. 
    1. The publisher of ChatGPT is the same as the developer (OpenAI), so you do not need to repeat the publisher name.
    2. Provide a URL that links directly to the source. Depending on what region in the world you are in, or whether you are accessing the free or a paid version, this link may be: https://chat.openai.com/ or a customized link from OpenAI that takes you to the specific query you posed.

For the example listed above, the reference list citation is:

OpenAI. (2023). ChatGPT(Aug 3 version) [Large language model].https://chat.openai.com/

APA Citation for an Image Generated by an AI Tool

If you are adding an image generated by an AI tool in your work, make sure to label the image properly and add an in-text citation.

Start with a figure number, followed by a title for the image. Beneath the image, include a note with additional information on the image, including the words you prompted the AI tool with to generate the image, and the source of the image. 

In-Text Citation:

Figure 3

Example of an AI-generated image

Note. Image generated using the prompt "Two puppies playing by the sea in the style of Renoir," by OpenAI, DALL-E, 2023 (https://labs.openai.com).

Reference List Citation

Developer's Name. (Version year). Name of AI tool (Version number) [Type of AI model]. URL of tool

For the example listed above, the reference list citation is:

OpenAI. (2023). DALL-E (Version 2) [Large language model]. https://labs.openai.com/